{"url":"https://cn.wsj.com/articles/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%91%A7%E6%AF%81%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E4%B8%80%E6%94%AF%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B-%E5%8F%A6%E4%B8%80%E6%94%AF%E4%BB%8D%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E9%9C%8D%E5%B0%94%E6%9C%A8%E5%85%B9%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1-27d038fe","title":"美国摧毁伊朗一支海军，革命卫队仍控霍尔木兹","domain":"cn.wsj.com","imageUrl":"https://images.pexels.com/photos/27410425/pexels-photo-27410425.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&h=650&w=940","pexelsSearchTerm":"Strait of Hormuz ships","category":"World","language":"zh","slug":"82a87791","id":"82a87791-8f27-48dc-b590-5e75871c15c3","description":"美国摧毁了伊朗正规海军的大部分力量，但伊斯兰革命卫队舰队仍控制霍尔木兹海峡。","summary":"## TL;DR\n- 美国摧毁了伊朗正规海军的大部分力量，但伊斯兰革命卫队舰队仍控制霍尔木兹海峡。\n- 伊朗正规海军操作大型战舰用于彰显国威，革命卫队用灵活快艇通过导弹、水雷和骚扰商船维持控制。\n- 这意味着美国虽重创伊朗海军，但海峡通行仍受伊朗准军事力量威胁，影响全球石油供应。\n\n## The story at a glance\n美国通过空袭摧毁了伊朗正规海军的大部分大型战舰，但伊斯兰革命卫队海军的快艇舰队依然掌控霍尔木兹海峡。文章作者Benoit Faucon强调革命卫队力量更灵活难打。报道时机正值美伊停火后海峡交通仍有限制，美军舰艇试图通过引发对峙。[[1]](https://cn.wsj.com/articles/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%91%A7%E6%AF%81%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E4%B8%80%E6%94%AF%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B-%E5%8F%A6%E4%B8%80%E6%94%AF%E4%BB%8D%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E9%9C%8D%E5%B0%94%E6%9C%A8%E5%85%B9%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1-27d038fe)[[2]](https://www.wsj.com/world/middle-east/the-u-s-sank-one-of-irans-navies-the-other-still-controls-hormuz-98ea16ff)\n\n## Key points\n- 美国空袭已摧毁伊朗正规海军大部分力量，该海军主要操作大型战舰，用于国威展示和远程部署。[[1]](https://cn.wsj.com/articles/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%91%A7%E6%AF%81%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E4%B8%80%E6%94%AF%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B-%E5%8F%A6%E4%B8%80%E6%94%AF%E4%BB%8D%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E9%9C%8D%E5%B0%94%E6%9C%A8%E5%85%B9%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1-27d038fe)\n- 伊斯兰革命卫队拥有独立舰队，由小型快速攻击艇组成，这些艇装备导弹、水雷，用于骚扰商船并控制海峡。[[1]](https://cn.wsj.com/articles/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%91%A7%E6%AF%81%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E4%B8%80%E6%94%AF%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B-%E5%8F%A6%E4%B8%80%E6%94%AF%E4%BB%8D%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E9%9C%8D%E5%B0%94%E6%9C%A8%E5%85%B9%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1-27d038fe)\n- 革命卫队快艇更灵活、分散，难以被美国精确打击，仍扼守海峡命脉。[[1]](https://cn.wsj.com/articles/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%91%A7%E6%AF%81%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E4%B8%80%E6%94%AF%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B-%E5%8F%A6%E4%B8%80%E6%94%AF%E4%BB%8D%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E9%9C%8D%E5%B0%94%E6%9C%A8%E5%85%B9%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1-27d038fe)\n- 霍尔木兹海峡是全球20%石油运输通道，目前通行量锐减至每天十几艘船，并需伊朗批准。[[3]](https://cn.wsj.com/articles/control-over-strait-of-hormuz-will-determine-who-wins-the-war-46a13072)\n- 美军驱逐舰最近试图清理水雷通过海峡，伊朗革命卫队警告拦截，双方说法不一。[[4]](https://www.163.com/dy/article/KQAKC4I30514EMD3.html)\n\n## Details and context\n伊朗海军分为正规军和革命卫队两支，正规军舰艇易被美军空袭摧毁，而革命卫队快艇数量庞大、机动性强，专为不对称作战设计，常用于布雷和游击。[[1]](https://cn.wsj.com/articles/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%91%A7%E6%AF%81%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E4%B8%80%E6%94%AF%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B-%E5%8F%A6%E4%B8%80%E6%94%AF%E4%BB%8D%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E9%9C%8D%E5%B0%94%E6%9C%A8%E5%85%B9%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1-27d038fe)\n\n这场美伊冲突从2026年2月底美以打击伊朗核设施开始，伊朗封锁海峡反击，导致油价飙升至每桶100美元以上，停火后海峡仍限通行并收“过路费”。[[5]](https://www.instagram.com/p/DWQ1hkYDbM0)\n\n革命卫队声明完全掌控海峡管理，只许民船通过，美军声称已通过但伊朗否认，凸显谈判中海峡控制权的博弈。[[6]](https://www.jiemian.com/article/14238624.html)\n\n## Key quotes\n“伊斯兰革命卫队的小型快速攻击艇仍扼守该战略水道的命脉。”[[1]](https://cn.wsj.com/articles/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%91%A7%E6%AF%81%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E4%B8%80%E6%94%AF%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B-%E5%8F%A6%E4%B8%80%E6%94%AF%E4%BB%8D%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E9%9C%8D%E5%B0%94%E6%9C%A8%E5%85%B9%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1-27d038fe)\n\n## Why it matters\n霍尔木兹海峡每日运20%全球石油，若长期受伊朗控制，将持续推高能源价格并扰乱供应链。投资者和企业面临油价波动风险，消费者汽油成本上升；美伊谈判焦点在此，革命卫队力量让美国难以速胜。接下来关注巴基斯坦谈判结果和海峡通行是否恢复，但伊朗可能继续施压，局势仍不确定。[[2]](https://www.wsj.com/world/middle-east/the-u-s-sank-one-of-irans-navies-the-other-still-controls-hormuz-98ea16ff)","hashtags":["#iran","#us","#war","#hormuz","#strait","#oil"],"sources":[{"url":"https://cn.wsj.com/articles/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%91%A7%E6%AF%81%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E4%B8%80%E6%94%AF%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B-%E5%8F%A6%E4%B8%80%E6%94%AF%E4%BB%8D%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E9%9C%8D%E5%B0%94%E6%9C%A8%E5%85%B9%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1-27d038fe","title":"Original article"},{"url":"https://www.wsj.com/world/middle-east/the-u-s-sank-one-of-irans-navies-the-other-still-controls-hormuz-98ea16ff","title":""},{"url":"https://cn.wsj.com/articles/control-over-strait-of-hormuz-will-determine-who-wins-the-war-46a13072","title":""},{"url":"https://www.163.com/dy/article/KQAKC4I30514EMD3.html","title":""},{"url":"https://www.instagram.com/p/DWQ1hkYDbM0","title":""},{"url":"https://www.jiemian.com/article/14238624.html","title":""}],"viewCount":2,"publishedAt":"2026-04-13T03:48:34.294Z","createdAt":"2026-04-13T03:48:34.294Z","articlePublishedAt":"2026-04-12T00:00:00.000Z"}