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Great-Power Competition Invades Antarctica

Source: foreignaffairs.com

Great power competition between the US, China, and Russia is heating up in Antarctica, challenging its status as a peaceful scientific zone.
China has built its fifth research station and plans two more, while Russia and China oppose new restrictions on military activities there.
Without US leadership, Antarctica risks becoming a strategic battleground like the Arctic, threatening its treaty protections.

The article examines how intensifying rivalry among major powers is encroaching on Antarctica, traditionally a demilitarized continent dedicated to science under the 1959 Antarctic Treaty. Key players include the United States, which holds a veto on the treaty's 29-member decision-making body called the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Parties (ATCPs), China and Russia, which are expanding their presence, and smaller nations pushing for stricter environmental and military rules. The core argument i